Which research method relies on interviews and questionnaires for data collection?

The correct choice is the survey method because it specifically involves the use of interviews and questionnaires to gather data. Surveys are designed to collect information from a group of individuals, often referred to as a sample, to learn about their opinions, behaviors, experiences, or knowledge regarding specific topics. The data can be quantitative, derived from structured questions with predetermined responses, or qualitative, arising from open-ended questions that allow for more detailed insights. This method is particularly valuable in research because it enables researchers to capture a wide range of perspectives and experiences efficiently.

In contrast, true experiments focus on manipulating independent variables to observe effects on dependent variables, usually in a controlled setting. Descriptive research aims to provide an accurate portrayal of characteristics or trends within a population or phenomenon, often relying on observational data rather than direct feedback methods like interviews or questionnaires. Lastly, comparative research involves analyzing the differences and similarities between two or more groups or conditions, often using data that may not involve direct information gathering through interviews or questionnaires. Thus, the survey method is uniquely characterized by its reliance on direct engagement with participants through structured forms of inquiry.